Let us look at some basic issues afflicting mankind. Mankind is in constant search of happiness, not realizing that it is transient. Transient happiness will eventually lead to suffering. What he is really looking for is contentment, but doesn't know it. As a result there is suffering and this is what leads to continued seeking. In a question and answer format, let us now define some of these terms for further clarity. Yes, this may seem very basic to some advanced seekers and students of Advaita Vedanta. However, for most others it is an essential beginning step to inquiry into one's own identity.
What is the difference between happiness and contentment?
Happiness is a transient state of mind, an emotion that one experiences for a short period of time only. One mistakenly associates happiness to external objects. However, on careful analysis it becomes evident that happiness is experienced when the ego disappears and the mind is submerged in its Source. Happiness arises when a particular desire gets fulfilled and hence leaves one in a momentary state of desireless-ness. However, it is fleeting as another desire arises immediately. As a result, there is a (mistaken) impression that it is the object of desire that resulted in the happiness. This leads man to desire more of the same object thinking that more will lead to greater happiness. However, common sense experience tells one that more of the same object does not lead to more happiness. For example, you have a desire to eat ice cream and you eat one scoop and feel happy. You then think, maybe if I eat some more I will be more happy or satisfied. However, the second scoop and more scoops do not result in that and eventually you know what happens!
On the other hand, contentment is a state of mind where there is peace. Not happiness, but peace. This happens when the mind realizes that the glass is already full. Nothing needs to be added or removed from the glass. Nothing needs to change. Everything is perfect as it IS. Hence, there is no pursuit of anything including pursuit of happiness. One is seeking nothing. One is wanting nothing. One does feel the need to discard anything. One does not say, " I don't like this" or "I like this". It is the perfect place to be. In fact, it is by Being that one finds contentment. Not being this or that. Just BEING!
Why does one want to be content?
Without realizing it, one wants to be content because it is his Natural State. Every one wants to be happy - permanently. It is the one desire of mankind that is common to everyone. However, as noted above, one doesn't know how to go about achieving the so called "permanent happiness". He equates it to something that can be "achieved" like everything else in life. Something that can be achieved through effort in the world of objects out there. As a result, one enters this never ending maze or matrix of chasing one object after the other, none of which result in the goal of "permanent happiness". As a result, one is constantly suffering. One thinks that there is something out there that will result in "complete satisfaction" and there will be no further desires. But, is it not a foolish desire to seek permanent happiness in a world of changing objects? Permanence by its very definition means " no change". What one really wants is "contentment". Not knowing this results in suffering.
What is suffering?
Suffering is the state of mind, where one is not satisfied with what is. It is a state where one feels inadequate or incomplete. There is a feeling that something is missing and somehow if that missing thing or object or whatever can be obtained it would result in completeness or a state of "permanent happiness". Suffering is a main reason for one to search or seek in the first place. Almost always, one does not know what exactly they are seeking. They don't know what it is that is missing in their life. They have already earned a lot of wealth, a great name or fame, professional or career fulfillment, prosperity, good family, good health, a wonderful car and house, and great many awards and recognition. And YET, there is some inexplicable thing that is missing in life. The feeling of emptiness in the midst of plenty!! Everyone of us experiences this.
Why is this suffering created by the Creator? If He loves everybody, then why does He create suffering?
If the Creator or the Supreme did not create suffering, how else will mankind even bother to think about HIM? It is through the creation of suffering, that the Creator draws our attention towards HIM. After all, HE wants everyone of us to be content because HE loves us. If one has all that he or she needs (and there is no suffering) why would he or she even bother to seek HIM out? Suffering results in seeking. A confused man seeks an end to the suffering in the world of objects out there and hopes to bring an end to the suffering. He thinks that perhaps if I have more money, or fame, or greater achievement I will be complete and will not have to seek any more. Others may try to end the seeking through alcohol, drugs or relationships.
So, who can say that they are not suffering? Only the one who no longer has to seek anything, anywhere or through any means, can experience an end to suffering.
End to suffering = contentment with what IS.
So, how does one go about starting to bring an end to suffering?
Simple question begs a simple answer. Remember that the One who Created suffering is the only One who can end it. All HE asks is for you to remember Him - always. Now that may seem easy, but is it? No! Why? Because, man is confused about his identity. All his life, he has pretended to be somebody or someone. He started out thinking he is a child, a son, a daughter. Then he thought - "I am a student". Later, he took on the identity of his profession - " I am a doctor", or " I am an engineer" etc. Later still, he took on the identity of a lover, a husband, a father, a father-in-law, a grandfather, an old man etc. In fact, in a single day, he wears different identity hats. In fact, when asked he may happily accept all of the identities as himself or herself. "What is wrong with taking all the identities?" - he asks. The answer to that question is for the person to ask himself or herself this question - " Which of these identities wants an end to the suffering?" or "Which of these identities wants permanent happiness so that there is no more seeking of happiness?". A very sensible question, isn't it? For example - if a Computer Programmer asks a question regarding the code he is wanting to write. If instead of getting an answer to that question, someone comes along and gives him this response - "you should spend more time with your family instead of writing code." What?!! Makes no sense, doesn't it? Well, he gave him an answer as if he was asking him a question from the viewpoint of a husband or householder.
A wise man may ask - "But wait, what if there is a permanent, unchanging identity behind all these identities? What if I have been confused about my identity all along?".
Where does the Guru come in all of this?
When a desperate, suffering man, after looking everywhere, seeking in all corners of the world, and finding no relief from suffering, and finally with sheer devotion and surrender asks the Creator for help, then the Guru is sent in to guide the suffering man with answers that would eventually bring an end to suffering. It is said that "When the student is ready, the Guru comes to the student". When the suffering seeker places complete faith in the teachings of the Guru, and surrenders fully to the Guru, the Guru who is all compassionate bestows the Knowledge upon the suffering seeker and thus brings about an end to the suffering.
It is obvious that it is only when one surrenders the ego, which is the mind, to the Guru that one gets the ultimate Knowledge of one's own identity. Hanging on to one's ego and identity as a person and then making effort to find contentment is bound to result in failure. Giving up one's identity as a person ( knowing the ego is a ghost and non-existent) and surrendering completely in favor of the Guru is the easiest way to achieve contentment, which is nothing other than JUST BEING.
The Guru and Creator are one and the same.
